Diagnostic Parameter, Selective Mutism

Selective Mutism

Is a rare condition occurring in childhood. Selective Mutism is characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations in which there is an expectation for speaking. Children with this disorder have the ability to both speak and understand language, but fail to use this ability. Most children who experience selective mutism function normally in other areas of their lives. Selective mutism is not a communications disorder and is not part of a developmental disorder. Therefore by definition, the disorder does not include children with conduct disorders, oppositional defiant behavior, and/or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. The main characteristics are:

Does not speak in certain places; such as school or other social events.

Can speak normally in other settings such as in their home or in places where they are comfortable and relaxed.

The child's inability to speak interferes with their ability to function in educational and/or social settings.

Mutism has persisted for at least one month.

Associated Features:

Psychological trauma or stressors may be apparent particularly during the time of speech development.

A particular mother profile and mother-child relationship (maternal anxiety, depression, dependence and a domineering and overprotective approach to the child).

Minimal brain dysfunction.

History of developmental delays and speech and language disabilities.

Neuropsychological social cue processing disorder.

Anxious temperament: shyness, worry, social avoidance,fearful, social withdrawal clinging, Negativism